What is the meaning of labour surplus?
What is the meaning of labour surplus?
Surplus labor is a concept developed by Karl Marx in the nineteenth century to describe the production of surplus value and profit. It refers to the labor that produces a value beyond that which is needed for the subsistence of the worker or workers who perform it.
What does Karl Marx mean by surplus value?
It is a major concept in Karl Marx’s critique of political economy. According to Marx’s theory, surplus value is equal to the new value created by workers in excess of their own labor-cost, which is appropriated by the capitalist as profit when products are sold.
What causes labour surplus?
The “labor surplus” designation then arises from the fact that if such workers were reallocated to other, competitive, or neoclassically functioning sectors, such reallocation would eliminate the aforementioned inefficiency and thus materially enhance the total output of the system.
How does surplus labour lead to exploitation?
Once capitalists are able to pay the worker less than the value produced by their labour, surplus labour forms and this results in the capitalists’ profits. The degree of exploitation of labour power is dictated by the rate of surplus value as the proportion between surplus value/product and necessary value/product.
How can Labour surplus be reduced?
No matter which methods you use for dealing with a labor surplus, consider the indirect effects.
- Layoffs. Reducing a labor surplus via layoffs may seem obvious, but a lot depends on the cause of the surplus.
- Outsourcing.
- Retraining.
- Hiring Freeze.
- Buyouts and Retirement.
- Pay Cuts.
- Modified Plans.
- Seasonal Hiring Policies.
What is surplus Labour time?
As wage-workers however, they cannot get paid until they have completed a full working day, and that extra time they work, over and above the necessary labour time, is called surplus labour time.
Is surplus value real?
Surplus value is value created by the unpaid labor of wage workers, over and above the value of their LP (necessary labor time), and appropriated without compensation by the capitalist.
How is surplus value calculated?
Intuitively, surplus value is calculated as the result of subtracting the costs of production from profits. Thus the formula would be as follows: Surplus value (s) = Revenue – production costs (c+v).
What is the difference between Labour surplus and labour shortage?
While a labor shortage is a challenging problem, a labor surplus can be equally difficult to manage. This differs from a labor surplus on a company level, although it is essentially still an excess of available workers for the work that needs to be done.
How do you handle Labour surplus?
What is surplus labour time?
How do you manage manpower surplus?
In any situation involving a labor surplus, don’t hire new workers. A hiring freeze is a necessary step while your company’s management team determines the best path forward. In addition, you should end contracts with outsourced talent and transfer those tasks to internal labor instead.