What is the composition of shale gas?
What is the composition of shale gas?
Shale gas is natural gas trapped within tiny pore spaces in shale formations. It is a hydrocarbon gas mixture. It consists mainly of methane. Other hydrocarbons are natural gas liquids (NGLs) like ethane, propane, and butane, and it also contains carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen sulfide.
How is Ogip calculated?
5.2: Estimation of Original Gas In-Place, OGIP, Using the Volumetric Method
- Equation 5.01a. or, equivalently (after applying the Saturation Constant): G=Vgrv(¯hn/¯hg)ˉϕ(1−¯Swι)¯Bgι
- Equation 5.01b. Where: G is the original-gas-in-place of the reservoir, SCF.
- Equation 5.02. Where: Vgrv is the gross rock volume, ft.
Where is shale gas found?
Shales were deposited in ancient seas, river deltas, lakes and lagoons and are one of the most abundant sedimentary rock types, found at both the Earth’s surface and deep underground. Shale gas is natural gas found in shale deposits, where it is trapped in microscopic or submicroscopic pores.
What does gas in place mean?
an estimated measure of the total amount of gas contained in a reservoir and, as such, a higher figure than Recoverable Gas. May also be termed Gas initially in place (GIIP) to describe the volume of gas that exists at initial discovery.
What is recovery factor?
Recovery factor (RF) is the overall proportion of oil expected to be extracted from the UKCS. Over time, RF efficiency has increased; but with field complexity also increasing, the result is that overall RF has changed very little.
Is shale gas worse than coal?
“The take-home message of our study is that if you do an integration of 20 years following the development of the gas, shale gas is worse than conventional gas and is, in fact, worse than coal and worse than oil,” Howarth said.
How are shale gas reservoirs in North America?
The paper closes with examples of detailed original gas-in-place (OGIP) calculations for 3 North American shale gas reservoirs including free gas in natural fractures and the porous network within the organic matter, gas in the non-organic matter, adsorbed gas, and estimates of free gas within fractures created during hydraulic fracturing jobs.
How much is the endowment of shale gas?
Their endowment worldwide is estimated at 10,000 tcf by the GFREE team in the Schulich School of Engineering at the University of Calgary. The shale gas work and production initiated successfully in the Unites States and extended to Canada will have application, with modifications, in several other countries in the future.
How much shale gas is there in the world?
The EIA’s work shows technically recoverable gas resources from shales in the amount of 6,622 tcf in 32 countries assessed. This compares with a global (all countries) recovery from shales of 10,000 tcf estimated by the GFREE team.