What is intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus?

What is intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus?

Intestinal metaplasia occurs when cells in the tissues of the upper digestive tract, often in the stomach or esophagus, change and become more like cells from the intestines. Some doctors consider intestinal metaplasia to be a precancerous condition.

How fast does intestinal metaplasia turn into cancer?

There is no treatment for GIM. GIM is asymptomatic. Time to develop cancer has been reported to be 4.6–7 years.23, 29, 30 A European guideline in 2019 recommends regular surveillance for early cancer as the main management for GIM.

Can gastric intestinal metaplasia be reversed?

In the long term, with follow up of at least five years, there is epidemiological evidence that IM may be reversible although a combination of antioxidant agents and eradication of H pylori may be necessary to achieve this.

How do you fix intestinal metaplasia?

Currently, the most effective treatment is to remove the H. pylori infection completely. This removal is done in combination with the use of antioxidant agents. Studies have shown this to be an effective way of trying to reverse intestinal metaplasia.

Does coffee cause intestinal metaplasia?

Conclusion: High levels of coffee consumption showed a significant association with increased risk of intestinal metaplasia with use of both filtered and instant coffee.

How is intestinal metaplasia diagnosed?

GIM is usually diagnosed by upper endoscopy with biopsy, and histologic scoring systems have been developed to risk-stratify patients at highest risk for progression to GC. Several recent endoscopic imaging modalities may improve the optical detection of GIM and early GC.

Is gastric metaplasia common?

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is recognized as a precancerous lesion for gastric cancer, increasing the risk by 6-fold. IM is highly prevalent in the general population, being detected in nearly 1 of every 4 patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

Where does pyloric metaplasia occur in the human body?

Pyloric metaplasia first affects glands closest to the antral junction, producing antral expansion at the expense of the oxyntic mucosa. There is some debate whether the metaplastic cells are indeed metaplastic or are a novel cell lineage that develops in the stomach and other gastrointestinal sites following ulceration.

When does intestinal metaplasia occur in the esophagus?

Intestinal metaplasia can develop any place where squamous mucosa is normally found. When intestinal metaplasia replaces the squamous mucosa of the esophagus, it is called Barrett’s esophagus. What causes Barrett’s esophagus?

When does pseudopyloric metaplasia occur in autoimmune gastritis?

pyloric metaplasia. Pyloric metaplasia (also sometimes referred to as pseudopyloric metaplasia) most commonly occurs in the setting of autoimmune gastritis. It begins with loss of specialized cells in the oxyntic mucosa. As the cells are lost, they are replaced by a simpler glandular epithelium.

What do you need to know about gastric metaplasia?

Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a known premalignant condition of the human stomach along the pathway to gastric cancer (GC). Histologically, GIM represents the replacement of normal gastric mucosa by mucin-secreting intestinal mucosa. Helicobacter pyloriinfection is the most common etiologic agent of GIM development worldwide.