How does a filled system thermometer work?
How does a filled system thermometer work?
A thermometer which has a bourdon tube connected by a capillary tube to a hollow bulb; the deformation of the bourdon tube depends on the pressure of a gas (usually nitrogen or helium) or on the volume of a liquid filling the system. Also known as filled thermometer.
What is a filled system?
Principle of Filled Thermal System A filled thermal system is basically a pressure gage (generally bourdon type) with a small-bore tubing connected to a bulb acting as a temperature sensor. The complete system is gas-tight and filled with gas or liquid under pressure.
What is filled in the bulb of thermometer?
Mercury is filled in the bulb of a thermometer .
Why capillary compensation is necessary in filled system thermometer?
Since the thermal sensing fluid extends from the bulb to the pressure element, it is affected by the temperatures existing everywhere in the system – bulb, capillary, and pressure element. Full compensation corrects for variations of the temperature of the capillary and case.
Which are the basic components of the filled system thermometer?
All filled-system temperature measurement instruments consists of a bulb, connecting tubing known as “capillary,” and a pressure sensing element, usually a bourdon tube. All commercially available filled system thermometers have been classified by ASME B40.
What is the range of pyrometer?
700°C to 4,000°C
Optical pyrometers operate within the visible spectrum to measure temperatures typically in the range from 700°C to 4,000°C by comparing the photometric brightness of the heated object against the brightness of a standard source, such as an incandescent tungsten filament.
What is the basic principle?
1. basic principle – principles from which other truths can be derived; “first you must learn the fundamentals”; “let’s get down to basics” fundamental principle, fundamentals, basics, bedrock. principle – a basic truth or law or assumption; “the principles of democracy”
What is the working principle of a mercury thermometer?
Mercury thermometers are based on the principle that liquids expand when heated and contract when cooled. So, when the temperature increases, the mercury expands and rises up the tube and when the temperature decreases it contracts and does the opposite.
Which metal is used in the bulb of clinical thermometer?
Mercury
Mercury is a metal which exists in liquid form at room temperature . It is a shiny liquid metal with a high coefficient of expansion. It also has a high boiling point which is suitable for measurement of higher temperatures. Therefore, mercury is the metal used in the bulb of the thermometer.
Why is mercury used in thermometer?
Mercury is the only one in liquid state at room temperature. It’s used in thermometers because it has high coefficient of expansion. Hence, the slightest change in temperature is notable when it’s used in a thermometer. It also has a high boiling point which makes it very suitable to measure higher temperatures.
What are the principles of a filled system thermometer?
The operation of a filled-system thermometer is based on one of three principles: the thermal expansion of a liquid, the temperature dependence of the pressure of a gas, or the temperature dependence of the saturated vapor pressure of a liquid.
How does a liquid filled thermometer ( liquid-in-metal ) work?
In contrast to liquid-in-glass thermometers, the volume of the thermometric liquid therefore remains constant. The higher the temperature of the liquid, the stronger it tries to expand and the stronger the pressure increase will be at a constant volume.
How are filled system thermometers classified by ASME b40.4?
All commercially available filled system thermometers have been classified by ASME B40.200 (ASME B40.4). The standard classifies filled-system thermometers by the type of fill fluid used (liquid, vapor, gas) and further subdivided by the type of temperature compensation.
How does full compensation work on a thermometer?
Full compensation is accomplished by installing an auxiliary capillary without bulb parallel to the primary/main capillary and connecting it to the measuring mechanism. The decisions as to whether to specify compensation and which type to use may be handled in either of the following ways: